The National Institute of Health (NIH) defines a stem cell in this way

 ‘’Stem Cells have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the body. Serving as a sort of repair system for the body, they can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the person is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell.”

Embryonic Stem Cells

When the sperm fertilizes the egg the first creation is a stem cell. It then divides into more stem cells which continue to divide until they begin to differentiate (or change), becoming specific types of cells that will go on to form all of the different parts of the body. These are the embryonic stem cells which are the focus of the media’s attention.

But after birth, and throughout life, stem cells continue to be made in the body. These stem cells are known as adult stem cells. And as science has recently discovered, these adult stem cells are the body’s primary system of renewal and restoration.

Adult Stem Cells

Adult stem cells are predominantly formed in the bone marrow. And, just as in the beginning of life, adult stem cells can literally change into any type of cell in the body throughout life. These adult stem cells are released from the bone marrow into the circulation of the bloodstream to seek out problem areas, then renew and restore these areas.

Adult Stem Cells

 How stem cell renewal works.

 When a tissue is subjected to significant stress, stem cells originating from the bone marrow migrate to the tissue, thereby facilitating the repair process. When you look at a cut or scrape on your arm heal itself, it is easy to think that the skin cells are regenerating themselves. However, what has emerged over the past few years through a vast body of scientific literature is the discovery that the process of repair and renewal taking place in the body involves bone marrow stem cells. This natural process of repair has been described in many tissues and organs of the body. In fact, it begins within a short time after an instance of tissue stress or damage. The affected tissue releases a compound called Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF). The G-CSF, which quickly appears in the bloodstream, triggers the release of stem cells, whose numbers increase in the blood over the following hours.

Within 24 hours after the incident, the affected tissue releases a unique compound called Stromal-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1). SDF-1 is the only compound known to attract stem cells. When SDF-1 binds to receptors present on the surface of stem cells, this binding process triggers the expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of the cell. When they arrive in the target tissue, stem cells proliferate and then differentiate into the cells of that tissue, thereby assisting in the repair of the tissue. This whole process has now been

Injury to the Body

demonstrated in numerous studies where adult stem cells have been shown to participate in the repair of muscles, bone, pancreas, brain, skin, liver, lung…virtually every organ and tissue of the body.

In this whole process, the number of adult stem cells circulating in the bloodstream appears to be the most important factor. When the level of circulating stem cells was measured in the bloodstream of individuals who suffered an injury, the individuals who had the largest number of stem cells on the day of their injury showed the fastest and greatest recovery.

Likewise, when the number of stem cells was quantified in the bloodstream of nearly 500 individuals and their condition was monitored for one year, the individuals with a larger number of stem cells in their blood showed a greater level of health.

In other words, more stem cells circulating in the bloodstream means more stem cells available to migrate into tissues that might need assistance. This is certainly suggestive of the positive benefit of boosting or supporting the number of stem cells that are already naturally circulating in the body to fortify general health and wellness.

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